Understanding Subsidy Benefit, Cost, and Market Effect

Math Results Essay - 1647 Words

My VARK Results My scores were: †¢ Visual 10 †¢ Aural 1 †¢ Read/Write 6 †¢ Kinesthetic 7 INTAKE TO TAKE IN THE INFORMATION: †¢ lecturers who use gestures and picturesque language †¢ pictures, videos, posters, slides †¢ flowcharts †¢ underlining, different colours, highlighters †¢ textbooks with diagrams and pictures †¢ graphs †¢ symbols @ and white space SWOT – Study without tears TO MAKE A LEARNABLE PACKAGE: Convert your â€Å"notes† into a learnable package by reducing them (3:1) †¢ Use all of the techniques above †¢ Reconstruct the images in different ways†¦ try different spatial arrangements. †¢ Redraw your pages from memory †¢ Replace words with symbols or initials †¢ Look at your pages. OUTPUT TO PERFORM WELL IN ANY TEST, ASSIGNMENT OR†¦show more content†¦OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE Traditionalist †¢ down-to-earth †¢ practical †¢ conservative 9LowImaginative †¢ open-minded †¢ experimental CONSCIENTIOUSNESS (WORK ETHIC) Spontaneous †¢ disorganised †¢ prefers flexible plans 48MiddleConscientious †¢ disciplined †¢ efficient †¢ well organised EXTRAVERSION Reserved †¢ formal †¢ serious †¢ quiet71HighOutgoing †¢ friendly †¢ assertive †¢ likes working with others AGREEABLENESS Hard-headed †¢ sceptical †¢ competitive †¢ proud1Very lowCompassionate †¢ eager to please †¢ good natured NATURAL REACTIONS Not easily upset in stressful situations †¢ relaxed49MiddleExperiences negative emotional reactions and feelings of anxiety †¢ prone to worry Select an uploaded image from your asset store Open asset store Loading image(opens in new window) Replace image The overall GET2 test score of 76% suggests that you are likely to have strengths in some of the enterprising characteristics and may be enterprising in some contexts. At this time in your life you may find that you are content to work on a limited number of projects and may be happy to be enterprising either within employment as an intrapreneur, or in your leisure time through voluntary community projects. However, if you have ambitions to have an innovative growth business, there is much you can do. Several universities, such as the Open University offer free courses online which may help you to build up your business knowledge andShow MoreRelatedSchool Entrance And Placement Test Of The Midwest1426 Words   |  6 PagesBy the time students reach 11th grade, they have taken anywhere from 10-50 standardized tests. Possibly their most important test is yet to come. Colleges use the ACT in three main ways, to evaluate students in English, math, reading, and science, and writing for t he purpose of college admissions, class placement, and scholarships. The purpose of the ACT is to assess academic achievement in a process free of discrimination, and error. It fails to fulfill this purpose. The main college entrance andRead MoreSize 6: The Western Womens Harem by Fatema Mernissi and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan 828 Words   |  3 Pageswhile and will probably never change. In the essays â€Å"Size 6: The Western Women’s Harem† by Fatema Mernissi and â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan, both women share their stories about being stereotyped and judged. Both Mernissi and Tan use the nonfiction elements of characterization, as well as point of view. Although both Mernissi’s and Tan’s essays have a relatively similar theme, their situations are completely different. Fatema Mernissi’s essay â€Å"Size 6: The Western Women’s Harem† shares herRead MoreGraduation Speech : School, Middle School And High School870 Words   |  4 Pagesthey offer the same basic history, math, English, science, and social science course. By the time high school comes around students have already learned the same things again but only this time it is harder and more in depth. College becomes a time that a student really begins to learn about what they want to do with the rest of their lives. When applying to college, applicants don’t apply to learn math, English, history, and science. They apply to learn just math, English, Art, Business, BiologyRead MoreFunctional Skills : Instructional Strategies And Curriculum932 Words   |  4 Pagesand Curricula This essay presents research-based instructional strategies commonly used in classrooms for students with intellectual disabilities. Students with intellectual disabilities learn differently and slower than students without intellectual disabilities. They have trouble learning in school and trouble with everyday life skills. However, they can learn and do learn when taught with the best practices, instructional strategies and principles as presented in this essay. Instructional StrategiesRead MoreSchool Is Bad For Children Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduces several ways he believes it can be improved. Although Holt makes a few logical arguments, his essay lacks credibility and his ideas to abolish school attendance, to always have paired learning, and to end fixed curriculum (leave much to be argued) Holt makes several assumptions and talks of schools that do certain things but he never uses evidence to back up what he says. This makes his essay less credible because it is only written from his experiences and his opinion. Holt says, â€Å"In a schoolRead MoreThe Role Of Mathematics And Grasp The Beauty Of It1007 Words   |  5 PagesMathematics is ubiquitous. Discovered or invented, it has been around since the beginning of time. Mathematics can explain the indescribable wonder of our cosmos. It is through mathematics that we are able to explore our universe. This essay will demonstrate how maths is an integral part of our universe and will attempt to show that mathematics might be the key to discovering the great unknown. In order to understand the role of mathematics and grasp the beauty of it in our world, we must first explainRead MoreThe Effect Of Fine Arts On Standardized Tests Scores993 Words   |  4 Pagesresearchers found that specific students attending schools with dense fine arts programs scored higher on the state standardized test; however, this improvement does not imply that fine arts will effectively cure the education decline. When analyzing the results, one sees that the fine arts mainly affect one group of students: at-risk students. The term â€Å"at-risk students† generally includes English Language Learners and low socioeconomic students. The research found that the at-risk students exposed toRead MoreThe Stereotypes Of Stereotypes And Stereotypes977 Words   |  4 Pagesmembers of a specific group. Stereotypes can be associated with characteristics like race, sex, social status or religion. These generalizations can be positive, but in most cases they are negative a nd extremely hard to change. For example in the essay â€Å"Champion of the world† by Maya Angelou the author describes how almost the entire African American population of the United States, placed their hopes on Joe Luis to retain title of world champion. A match against a white contender seemed the perfectRead More`` Wrong Answer : A Case Against Algebra II1641 Words   |  7 Pagesto represent real life problems that are hard to swallow for anyone who doesn’t look at the world from the perspective of a mathematician. In his essay, â€Å"Wrong Answer: A Case Against Algebra II†, Nicholson Baker addresses this problem and explains why he thinks Algebra II should not be seen as a staple in the education of High school students. The essay begins with the creation of Algebra in 1545 by doctor Giordano Cardan. It was created to be this way of simplifying problems and Cardan believed itRead MoreThe Progression Of Truths Within A Taxonomy1280 Words   |  6 PagesAn Essay on the Progression of Truths in a Taxonomy To begin understanding whether or not science progresses towards greater truths, truth must first be defined. It is the quality or state of conforming to fact or reality.1 As such a greater truth is one which better conforms to reality. Through scientific revolutions science progresses towards a taxonomy of greater truths. To accept this one must first understand that truths exist in science, that there are greater truths which replace falsified

Decentralized Blockchain Technology and Research †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Decentralized Blockchain Technology and Research. Answer: Introduction In business environment, knowledge is considered as the information needed to make business decisions. In the present era, knowledge is considered as the essential factor in realizing the success. A companys knowledge is dependent upon the intangible assets which includes the information in the mind of the employees, databases, files and other documents. The knowledge management acquisition techniques utilize this information and make it available to a large number of people. The knowledge must be captured and acquired in useful forms which is an integral part of the knowledge management (Hislop, 2013). The knowledge is elicited either from the experts of the domain or through the set of documents pertaining to a particular domain. The acquisition of the knowledge refers to different intra-organizational processes which assist in the creation of the tacit and the explicit form of knowledge. The knowledge acquisition starts with individuals and integrate to the organizational level along with the identification or the absorption of the information. Therefore, acquisition can be defined as the creation of the knowledge in the business corporation through a learning process (Liebowitz, Frank, 2016). It also includes acquisition of external knowledge created through collaboration with the organization, business environment and the universities. The knowledge acquisition refers to the process of learning and encompasses learning as two set of activities, namely, operational routine and dynamic capabilities of the organization. The operational routine refers to the functionality of the firms and the dynamic capability refers to the activities which enhance the routine of the organization. The routines are stable behavior patterns which demonstrates the reaction of the organization as a result of internal or external stimulus. The operational routine of the organization is focused on performing the procedures so that income is generated within the organization whereas the dynamic capabilities refers to making changes in the organization so that competitive advantage can be retained in the organization (Holsapple, 2013). The routines of the organization is developed by the accumulation of experience and established in the organization with the accumulation of the knowledge. The cumulative knowledge accumulation assist the organ ization to innovate and propose technological advances. The cumulative capabilities of the knowledge depends on the capacity of the organization to identify knowledge and acquire it. The knowledge should be assimilated and utilized so that a competitive advantage can be obtained. The organization with high knowledge absorption capacity should be more dynamic and able to exploit the opportunities in the external environment. The reactivity and the proactivity of the organizations is for long-term duration. Another important aspect of knowledge management is that it emphasize on the creative position of the organization within the organization. The creative position or the innovation can be identified in the organization when knowledge is identified which serves as the solution to the problem. If the degree of innovation is limited or dependence of expertise is less, knowledge transformation can be used to foster innovation. In this regard, the present paper is focused on understanding the concepts of knowledge management in business organizations. The knowledge acquisition is an important phase in the knowledge management of the organization. Different business organizations use different strategies for the knowledge acquisition. It is important to protect the information acquired through different means. Blockchain is a novel technology which assist in the protecting information through encryption technology. In the present times, knowledge management is the most integral in developing the core competency of the business organizations. It is the process of creating, sharing and managing information so that the objectives of the organization can be met with the optimal use of knowledge. The knowledge extraction is the process of the knowledge creation from the structured and the unstructured resources. It refers to the reuse of existing knowledge in documented or formal form or generating a schema with the source data present in various departments of the organization. Several organizations collects and store vast amount of information; however, valuable information hidden in the data can be transformed into valuable and useful knowledge. The management of useful information can be a challenge for the business organizations (Jones Sallis, 2013). Information Technology (IT) can aid in knowledge management for creation, sharing, integration and the distribution of the knowledge. Knowledge m anagement can be referred as the process of data usage for the benefits of the organization. In the perspective of Lai, Hsu, Lin, Chen, Lin (2014), KDD process comprises of iterative sequence and methods which includes selection, preprocessing, transformation, data mining and interpretation. The selection refers to the selection of the relevant data from the database to perform analysis. The preprocessing is the process of removing noise and the irrelevant data obtained from different sources. The interpretation or the evaluation of the data mentions to interpreting the patterns into knowledge so that redundant or irrelevant patterns can be removed. It translate the useful patterns into understandable form. According to Raval (2016), blockchain is an emerging technology which has the potential to change the manner in which the data is stored and managed. The blockchain technology has the potential to decentralize the data and information storage which can reduces the role of middleman companies in information regulation. Fleming (2017) has discussed that blockchain technology assists in the creation of decentralized systems, intelligent assets and smart contracts in which there is minimal requirements of the human intervention. This technology has developed new governance systems with increased participation in the decision-making process, autonomous organizations which can operate over different systems without any intervention. According Hofmann, Strewe Bosia (2017), blockchain technology can reduce the role of economic regulators in the society. With this technology, the people can transfer the digital information or data in a safe, secure and immutable manner. It creates self-monitoring digital contracts which can be executed without any human intervention. It also has the potential to create decentralized marketplaces which does not require intervention from the government and the regulatory bodies. In the perception Davidson (2017), technology can result in the shift of power from the centralized authorities in different fields in communication, business or law. With bitcoins, it has resulted in the development of digital currency which can be used in the global payment system, digital asset development and decentralized government. It increases the participation of the social institutions in the organization which increases the participation of the social institutions. Tapscott Tapscott (2016), blockchain technology represents the peer-to-peer economy wherein the peer-to-peer networks, cryptographic algorithms and distributed data storage in which people can agree on a specific state of affairs and record the agreement in a specific and verifiable manner. In the perception of Fleming (2017) blockchain technology coordinates the individual activities over the internet and assures that the data is not tampered and is authentic. A group of individuals cannot reach consensus. It is also nearly impossible to verify the authenticity of the information without a central authority. The blockchain technology solves the problem with the probabilistic approach. The blockchain increases the transparency of the information travelling over the computer network and analyzes it with the help of mathematical techniques. Therefore, it will be really difficult for the hackers or the malicious elements to modify the information unless they have power on majority of systems over a network. According to Swan (2015), there are several protocols in blockchain which ensures that the transactions on a blockchain are not recorded more than once in the shared repository and different activities in the system are coordinated in the decentralized manner. It elimin ates the need of depending on a trusted authority to verify all the transactions. Wright De Filippi, (2015), blockchain can be defined as the database which comprises of the chronological order of transactions which are recorded by a separate computer network. In this technology, there are different blocks which refers to small datasets. Each block is encrypted and contains information of certain transactions, information of the preceding block in the blockchain. The block also contains the key to a complex mathematical puzzle which can be used to validate the data contained in the block. There is a single copy of the blockchain which is shared by each computer in the network. Mainelli Smith (2015) have explored the information is periodically synchronized to assure that the information shared by computers is coon in each of the database. There are also algorithms which assures that only legitimate transactions are recorded in a blockchain and validate the current transactions. It current transaction should align with the previous transaction for the validation. In the views of Atzori, (2015), new information will only be added in the blockchain when there is consensus for the validity of the transaction. When a block if information is added to the blockchain, it cannot be deleted as the information can be accesses and used by every other system in the network. The blockchain is a permanent record which can be used by all the systems in the network to coordinate an action and verify an event. Crosby, Pattanayak, Verma Kalyanaraman (2016) have discussed that blockchain is a novel technology which has lots of potential and emerging use. In knowledge management, blockchain has use in creating censorship-resistant communication, robust file sharing system and creating a fraud resistant digital voting system. It can create powerful decentralized system which can support machine-to-machine communication. It will also be beneficial in internet enabled devices which can be part of internet of things. The knowledge management is the technique of acquired and storing the data so that it can be used to its maximum potential. The blockchain technology is affecting the manner in which the data is stored and acquired in the digital mediums. It affects the manner in which the data is shared and communicated through online mediums. It provides encrypted and decentralized database which also facilities the machine to machine communication between the internet charged devices. Crosby Patt anayak, Verma Kalyanaraman (2016) have stated that blockchain, it is not necessary to route the information through a centralized system or distribution platform in such as email or dropbox. When there are decentralized and encrypted communication protocols, different users can store and retrieve information without the need of government intervention. The blockchain technology can be used to assist in the exchange of data in a decentralized ad secure environment. The information once published on the online platforms is distributed in a large number of computing systems which makes it impossible for the governing authorities to censor the content. In the views of Yli-Huumo, Ko, Choi, Park, Smolander, (2016), the users can compare blockchain technology platform to the cloud computing platforms. They are similar according in their usage. However, on a technological level, both of the technologies are entirely different. In the blockchain system, the users are awarded a digital currency which they can use to store their data on other computers. The users can pay for storage of their own data on other computing system. The people can use blockchain technology to rent their hard drives so that they can rent the hard drives of others. These platforms are designed in such a manner that no central authority is able to view the contents of the file in the system. The central authority is also not able to modify, regulate or terminate the content of any file of hinder its transmission over the computer network. It has been discussed in the literature of Mattila, Seppl Holmstrm (2016) that the decentralized data stores can be seen as a technical replacement of the traditional domain name registry system which has laid the foundation of the entire internet system. Thee domain names are maintained by a global organization (ICANN) which analyzes how people access different websites. The blockchain based applications can create distributed domain registry system which can store different domain names without seeking the assistance from the government and other large organizations to route the organizations traffic. According to Zyskind, Nathan Pentland (2015), it is also capable of managing the data through a variety of untrusted sources. The current internet network contains several internet-enabled devices, some of which will be malicious and untrustworthy. In the traditional internet system, these devices are regulated by a central reference point which assists in machine-to-machine coordination. However, blockchain technology offers an appropriate solution to the above problem. The devices which will be used in the internet platforms can be registered on the blockchain system. The smart contracts can be developed which will allow the tangible property to be controlled over the internet by other machines. The blockchain can store the relationship between different internet-enabled machines and the contracts can define the corresponding rights and requirements of the connected devices. The relationships and the credentials which are required in the blockchain can be encoded in the blockchain with the help of cryptographically activated assets. Encryption ensures that only authorized users have access to modify the content of the blockchain. In the views of Peters Panayi (2016), blockchain technology, each transaction in the public ledger is verified by all the participants in the system. The information once entered to the system can never be released from it. The blockchain comprises of verifiable records of each transaction made within the system. The technology is based on the principle that it is easier to steal from a secluded place rather than a place observed by millions of people. Bitcoin is the most popular example of the blockchain technology as it has developed a multibillion global market in which a person can anonymously make transactions without the control of the government. However, Kosba, Miller, Shi, Wen Papamanthou (2016) have discussed that blockchain is a non-controversial technology which can be successfully applied to the financial as well as the non-financial transactions. It has been discussed that the present financial transactions are based on a central authority. The current digital technology is based on the reliance on a certain trusted authority. The trusted or authentic authority can be email-service provider or other authentic payment platform. In the present times, all the internet users are dependent upon the third party for the security and the privacy of the digital assets. Wamukoya Mutula, (2005) have stated that blockchain technology has the potential to change the digital payment system as it establishes distributed consensus in which each online transaction is recorded within the system. The system is designed in such a manner that it is capable to verify each transaction involving digital assets. The system can verify the transactions without compromising the confidentiality of the transactions including the identity of the parties involved in the transaction. Therefore, the blockchain technology can be characterized by distributed consensus and anonymity. According to Kiviat (2015), one of the key feature of the technology is the use of smart contracts. In these contracts, certain terms and conditions are defined and if the parties entering a contract meet these conditions, the contract is automatically formed. A transaction can be completed in an automatic manner. The Smart Property is another concept related to the control or the ownership of the assets using the Smart contracts. In essence, the property can be any digital such as automobiles, telephones or it can be non-physical like digital information. Bitcoin is also a form of digital currency. As per the literature, this technology can provide evidence to the existence of all the legal documents, health records and loyalty payments. Blockchain technology can protect the privacy of the users by storing the fingerprint of the digital asset rather than storing the actual digital asset. Further, it has been discussed by Guo Liang (2016) that the blockchain technology aims to create a decentralized environment in which there is no third party involved and there is no control over the transactions and the data. According to the literature, all the nodes or the users remains anonymous which makes the system anonymous and the personal identity of the users is remain protected. Bitcoin is the first application of Blockchain technology and has become highly successful as a crypto-currency. Although blockchain has immense potential to establish a distributed database and support anonymous transactions in the internet, it also suffers from several technical challenges. The algorithms should be able to maintain integrity and security in internet transactions. It should be able to enhance the privacy of nodes so that no privacy attack can occur. The privacy attack can create disturbance in the operations of blochian technology. Confirming the transactions in blockchain requi res computational power which is another challenge for the technology. In the views of MacDonald Allen Potts (2016) the advantage of the blockchain technology is that the information contained in the public ledger cannot be modified or deleted once the data has been approved by all the nodes in the system. This characteristic increases the data integrity and the security characteristics of the users. The blockchain technology also has several different uses such as creating an environment for digital contracts or establishing a peer-to-peer data sharing services. The throughput is a potential challenge in the blockchain technology. Since it is a novel technology, the frequency of the transations is limited. However, with time, the throughput of the network is needed to be increased. Another significant challenge is to build the security of the organization. Schaub, Bazin, Hasan Brunie (2016) have stated that currently, in the blockchain technology, due to the slow speed of the technology, it currently requires ten minutes to complete a transaction. However, it is important to increase the efficiency in security which is a trade-off with the time required to complete each transaction. In digital platforms, it is also important to assure that the input of any transactions have not been spent before. This phenomenon is called double spending; therefore, it is important to verify each transaction added to the blockchain. The verification takes a lot of time which slows the speed of the transaction. Currently, the transaction with Visa cards take only a few seconds which is a huge competitive advantage when compared to the bitcoins. Therefore, latency is a big issue for the blockchain technology. The current blockchain technology has the possibility of 51% attack. With this high probability, there is chance that a single entity can gain con trol over the network and manipulate the entire blockchain. Therefore, it is important to conduct more research to enhance the security of the blockchain network. The API (Application Programming Interface) of bitcoin is difficult to use. Therefore, it is important to develop a more user friendly API for the blockchain. The data malleability is another issue for blockchain technology. It is important that when the data gets sent or received in an external environment, it does not get tampered or altered. The malleability states that the signatures which provides evidence for the ownership of the bitcoins do not authenticate the signature themselves. It means that the signature of the possession can be replicated during a transaction. In the malleability attack, the attacker intercepts, modifies and makes a transaction ad do not confirm the prior transaction with the same currency. In the views of Peters Panayi (2016) another challenge in the blockchain technology is the authentication and the cryptography issues. In the blockchain technology, the private key is the major authentication element. The authentication controls the self-certification of the currency. The elliptic curve cryptography is used to derive the users address is not sufficient in providing adequate security to the users. Although in the current computing environment, the energy efficiency is not an issue. However, the mining of the previous transactions in the computing environment requires a lot of energy and resources. It is important to mine the transactions securely and with trustworthiness which requires a lot of energy. Therefore, energy efficiency may arise as a major issue in the near future. In this regard, it is important to conduct the mining efficiently and reduce the wastage of the resources. Huckle, Bhattacharya, White Beloff (2016) have stated that the challenge in blockchain technology is that users find it increasingly difficult to use the blockchain technology. In this technology, new blocks of information are constantly created which can create an interesting environment for the transaction flows. Therefore, it is important to implement supporting tools which can increase the usability of the blockchain network. Zheng, Xie, Dai Wang (2016) have stated that although the privacy and the confidentiality of the customers is maintained by breaking the flow of information in a transaction. The public can see all the transactions without linking the information to a specific identity. The blockchain use a definite framework to maintain the privacy of the users. By the analysis of the network traffic, it can be analyzed that different subset of blockchain can be traced to the IP address of the organization. Zyskind Nathan (2015) have discussed that the core competency of the blockchain technology is that it creates a single version of different databases in a completely distributed manner. It means that there is no centralized authority or control over the database. In the blockchain, different users can write different things in the database. Modification from different nodes can overlap; however, the network should be able to maintain uniformity in the database. In the recent years, there has been a lot of hype regarding the value and the importance of knowledge management in the business organizations. A lot of research has been conducted in knowledge management as a discipline and it has resulted in it edging towards maturity. The fundamental behind the knowledge management is that it is the most valuable resource of the organization and it should be leveraged and made more productive. The evolution of the knowledge management is developed around valuable tools and resources which are focused and the management of the information so that it can be used in a more effective manner (Holzinger, Dehmer Jurisica, 2014). Recently, several trends have emerged in the knowledge management such as social networks, collaboration, relevance and knowledge-based relationships. The organization chart and the formal business process maps states a few things about how the work is actually performed in a business organization. In a business organization, th e information and the knowledge flow in highly informal pattern which is based on which a person communicate while doing work at the office. The blockchain technology is growing in usage in both Information Technology and Information Management in the business organizations. In the future, the business enterprises are perceived as interconnected virtual organizations. These organizations can be realized when all the business enterprises can coordinate their information and knowledge. There are several features of blockchain which can transform the knowledge management practices of the business organization. Firstly, it offers distributed database in which several copies of a single blockchain are developed. These copies reside in server computers in different organizations and different countries. The primary aim of this method is to avoid the situations in which the users have to trust a single authority. The blockchain database file is a sequential chain in which there are several blocks of data. When there is a new transaction in the database, the previous transaction is not omitted but a new transaction is written whi ch points back to the previous transaction. A drawback of this technology is that it increases the data in a massive size. It is because the data is not saved in one central server; but, it is duplicated several times across a peer-to-peer network. When a new block is created, the time-stamping process saves the exact time of the transaction. The encryption is another feature of the blockchain technology. All the data stored and transferred through blockchain is encrypted (Zheng, Xie, Dai Wang, 2016). The content of the blocks are public, it is difficult to identify the value of the data. In blockchain technology, the management of the database is conducted by distributed software so there is no single system which controls the database. In the future, blockchain can be a part of the knowledge management as it can be used for the knowledge procurement. It can be used in Islamic finance to corruption-free foreign aid payment. The key advantage of blockchain is its transparency which can be used to create financial spreadsheets for all the financial transactions of the business organizations. In the traditional times, all the relevant information related to the business organizations was stored within the organization itself. However, challenges arises when the data is exchanged between different entities and the business organization (Sun, Yan Zhang, 2016). The communication channels are just the agent of transmitting the information. It is also essential in improving the medical quality and improving the privacy of the patients. The decentralized, encrypted public ledger can provide a wealth of application in healthcare. It can streamline the resolution of insurance claims, manage internet of things, medical devices and increase the privacy settings of the medical data. It can protect the privacy and the confidentiality of the patients. A research has been going on in which the patients will be given the ability to set the privacy setting of their own data. The technology has not been yet identified; however, a technology can be developed in which the records component will be broken down to smaller pieces and access will be given step by step. No additional information will be given to any potential recipient of the information (Zheng, Xie, Dai, Chen Wang, 2017). The blockchain technology can also be used for the resolution of the insurance claims in an organization. The records of the users can be posted to a private blockchain which can allow access to a few private parties. It avoids the need of the transmission of the data and building the infrastructure to send and store the data at different warehouse. The medical devices should be given specific identifiers and the product storage information should be stored in the blockchain which can automate the maintenance and the management of the medical devices. Conclusion The blockchain is a novel technology which can transform the knowledge acquisition and procurement practices. Blockchain is a technology which allows the digital information to be distributed but not copied. It creates a different kind of internet which increases the transparency of the internet mediums. The information stored in the blockchain technology exists as a shared information and it does not have a central database. It means that the information stored is completely public and can be easily verified. There is no central version of the information which could be corrupted by the users. The primary benefits of the blockchain technology is that it cannot be controlled be a single identity and no single point of failure. It is transparent and incorruptible technology. The blockchain technology has a self-auditing system which examines every transaction in the internet. References Atzori, M. (2015). Blockchain technology and decentralized governance: Is the state still necessary? Crosby, M., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S., Kalyanaraman, V. (2016). Blockchain technology: Beyond bitcoin.Applied Innovation,2, 6-10. Crosby, M., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S., Kalyanaraman, V. (2016). Blockchain technology: Beyond bitcoin.Applied Innovation,2, 6-10. Davidson, G. (2017). Blockchain Technology: A Beginners Guide. Van Helostein. Davidson, S., De Filippi, P., Potts, J. (2016). Economics of blockchain. Fleming, S. (2017). Blockchain Technology and DevOps: Introduction and Impact on Business Ecosystem. Stephen Fleming. Freitas, A. A. (2013).Data mining and knowledge discovery with evolutionary algorithms. Springer Science Business Media. Guo, Y., Liang, C. (2016). Blockchain application and outlook in the banking industry.Financial Innovation,2(1), 24. Hislop, D. (2013).Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Hofmann, E., Strewe, M.U., Bosia, N. (2017). Supply Chain Finance and Blockchain Technology: The Case of Reverse Securitisation. Springer. Holsapple, C. (Ed.). (2013).Handbook on knowledge management 1: Knowledge matters(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media. Holtshouse, D. K. (2013).Information technology for knowledge management. Springer Science Business Media. Holzinger, A., Dehmer, M., Jurisica, I. (2014). Knowledge discovery and interactive data mining in bioinformatics-state-of-the-art, future challenges and research directions.BMC bioinformatics,15(6), I1. Huckle, S., Bhattacharya, R., White, M., Beloff, N. (2016). Internet of things, blockchain and shared economy applications.Procedia Computer Science,98, 461-466. Jones, G., Sallis, E. (2013).Knowledge management in education: Enhancing learning education. Routledge. Kiviat, T. I. (2015). Beyond Bitcoin: Issues in Regulating Blockchain Tranactions.Duke LJ,65, 569. Kosba, A., Miller, A., Shi, E., Wen, Z., Papamanthou, C. (2016, May). Hawk: The blockchain model of cryptography and privacy-preserving smart contracts. InSecurity and Privacy (SP), 2016 IEEE Symposium on(pp. 839-858). IEEE. Lai, Y. L., Hsu, M. S., Lin, F. J., Chen, Y. M., Lin, Y. H. (2014). The effects of industry cluster knowledge management on innovation performance.Journal of Business Research,67(5), 734-739. Larose, D. T. (2014).Discovering knowledge in data: an introduction to data mining. John Wiley Sons. Liebowitz, J., Frank, M. (Eds.). (2016).Knowledge management and e-learning. CRC press. MacDonald, T. J., Allen, D. W., Potts, J. (2016). Blockchains and the boundaries of self-organized economies: predictions for the future of banking. InBanking Beyond Banks and Money(pp. 279-296). Springer International Publishing. Mainelli, M., Smith, M. (2015). Sharing ledgers for sharing economies: an exploration of mutual distributed ledgers (aka blockchain technology).The Journal of Financial Perspectives,3(3), 38-69. Mattila, J., Seppl, T., Holmstrm, J. (2016, April). Product-centric information management: A case study of a shared platform with blockchain technology. InIndustry Studies Association Conference. Peters, G. W., Panayi, E. (2016). Understanding modern banking ledgers through blockchain technologies: Future of transaction processing and smart contracts on the internet of money. InBanking Beyond Banks and Money(pp. 239-278). Springer International Publishing. Raval, S. (2016). Decentralized Applications: Harnessing Bitcoin's Blockchain Technology. O'Reilly Media, Inc. Schaub, A., Bazin, R., Hasan, O., Brunie, L. (2016, May). A trustless privacy-preserving reputation system. InIFIP International Information Security and Privacy Conference(pp. 398-411). Springer International Publishing. Sun, J., Yan, J., Zhang, K. Z. (2016). Blockchain-based sharing services: What blockchain technology can contribute to smart cities.Financial Innovation,2(1), 26. Swan, M. (2015). Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Tapscott, D., Tapscott, A. (2016). Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business and the World. Penguin UK. Wamukoya, J., Mutula, S. M. (2005). Capacity-building requirements for e-records management: The case in East and Southern Africa.Records Management Journal,15(2), 71-79. Wright, A., De Filippi, P. (2015). Decentralized blockchain technology and the rise of lex cryptographia. Yli-Huumo, J., Ko, D., Choi, S., Park, S., Smolander, K. (2016). Where Is Current Research on Blockchain Technology?A Systematic Review.PloS one,11(10), e0163477. Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., Wang, H. (2016). Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey.Work Pap. Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., Wang, H. (2016). Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey.Work Pap. Zyskind, G., Nathan, O. (2015, May). Decentralizing privacy: Using blockchain to protect personal data. InSecurity and Privacy Workshops (SPW), 2015 IEEE(pp. 180-184). IEEE.

Nora And Hedda Essays - Films, A Dolls House,

Nora And Hedda Nora and Hedda's Struggle for Independence In Isben's two plays, A Doll's House and Hedda Gabler, one character of each play breaks the stereotype or mold that is put on them. These two characters are Nora and Hedda. There are likenesses as well as differences between the two, however. In A Doll's House Nora is the protagonist, while, in Hedda Gabler, Isben chooses to make Hedda the antagonist. Both Nora and Hedda are caught in a masculine world, but take a different approach to gaining their independence from their male counterparts. Nora chooses to simply walk away from the problem she faces. This action goes along with most mothers tell their children when they face similar situations. Nora is suppressed by Torvald's words. She tries to help her husband and, according to the author, saves his life. Torvald is unaware of her sacrifice and is ashamed of Nora's deceitful behavior. She is finally sick of being called a little skylark and a spendthrift and decides to leave Torvald, which is unheard during that time. The play ends with Nora slamming the door and Torvald mumbling to himself. Audiences react so violently to this ending because it shows a woman taking charge of her life and breaking the mold that stereotypes her. Hedda takes a different approach to changing the circumstances that stereotypes place her in. Being a woman, Hedda is seen as meek and mild by the men in Hedda Gabler. Her dream is to control and eventually ruin a human destiny, which means she must gain the trust of, or seduce, a human being. Her character of choice, and old flame, is L?vborg. Hedda doesn't escape her problems and run for cover like Nora did. Instead, Hedda takes her problems head on in hopes of changing them for her benefit. Her sarcastic tone and evil behavior make a dangerous combination. The reader experiences this mix when Hedda convinces L?vborg to kill himself. Eventually this ?head-on? approach was too much for her and she takes her own life rather than be suppressed by a male. Nora and Hedda have two totally different personalities and character traits. Nora's can be seen as independent and free willed, while Hedda's traits are seen as evil, selfish, and cold hearted. They are the same, however, when it comes to their struggle for independence from the men in their life. In both of Isben's plays he places men is the characters' life that causes each one make a decision to go against the stereotypical woman. Nora chooses to identify the problem and get away from it, but Hedda decides to take matters into her own hands and control the problem for personal gain.

Bouncers Essay Example

Bouncers Paper Bouncers was a comedy that was enacted solely by four men dressed throughout in simple black tuxedos, indicating, of course, that they were doormen. These four men played a variety of at least three different characters each- both male and female- and depicted the typical Friday nightlife scene via snapshots of different people and their contrasting perspectives. John Godber, the creator of Bouncers originally came from the North of England. He obviously based his play around a setting that he was familiar with, and writes about his own experiences. The play is a social comment on the life of the uneducated working class in the UK, but has been performed all over the world. We watched the play in Dubai, a city with a cultural background that is quite different from the UK. This was probably why many of the jokes and puns cracked in the course of the play were lost out on the audience. However, I found it commendable that the actors had kept this in mind and had altered parts of the script to include little trivial things like specific venues in the city of Dubai. For example, going to the Mall of the Emirates was mentioned casually at one point. This appealed to the audience since it not only made the play seem more relevant, but it made them feel special since it seemed like it had been engineered specially for them. On first entering the theatre itself, the mood of the play was created. The hall was small and compact with a simple stage and rows of seats that were placed one behind another rather than in levels. The racy 90s dance music that blared from the speakers gave the audience a taster of what they would expect. Four solemn-looking men greeted us at the door, their smart black tuxedos making it clear that they were bouncers. They sternly told some people off for being so informal as to appear in sneakers but when the lights dimmed, we were in for a surprise: the bouncers climbed onto stage as the actors themselves! I thought that this was a nice touch to not only warm up the actors so that they fully immersed themselves in the character, but also an excellent way to set the scene and get the audience more involved in the play by giving them a fully rounded theatre experience using invisible theatre techniques as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Bouncers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bouncers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bouncers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The story centered mainly on the lives of four nightclub bouncers: Les (Matthew Duquenoy), Judd (Jonathan Floyd), Ralph (Simon Watts), and Lucky Eric (John Carter). Of these four, Lucky Eric could perhaps be called the protagonist. He was older and generally more solemn than his three colleagues. As the plot unfolded we discovered that he tended to be as compassionate as the other males described in the story were shameful and disreputable. Lucky Eric had many monologues throughout the play, and through them he related instances that really convinced us of his character- instances like how angry he would get when he would see young, drunk schoolgirls taken advantage of by the vulgar men who frequented the nightclubs. Eric has quite a tragic past, with a wife who left him to become a sleazy bar girl. He is essentially a lonely man, but tries to hide it under his macho, tough character. The other, younger bouncers also tease him constantly about his body image. The stories of eight people, enjoying a night out, were also depicted- four men and four women. It was interesting to see their varied range of personality. The girls ranged from the exotic Sexy Suzy to the more mundane headache-ridden Elaine. The men also were of varying characters. Through all the fast-paced action, however, the play held a deep underlying message that was not lost out in all the humour. It was a message showing how hopeless and bleak peoples lives could become. What all the characters shared was the feeling of failure, since they felt that the only way they could be successful was to enjoy the nightlife. All the characters were desperate people who went out at night looking for love, mistakenly lost under the illusion that sex was love. What I admired most was the fact that they were completely independent of sets and props. The set was a plain black stage and remained the same throughout, with only two bar stools for aid. Despite this, however, the actors used their space to its full potential. The lack of props did not prevent them from pretending that there were props. In some cases, one of them would casually rest an elbow on the empty air, effectively representing the idea that they were leaning against a non-existent table. Since the characters played so many roles, they had to be able to switch between them effectively in such a way that the audience would not be confused as to who they were playing. To go about this, the actors exaggerated their characters and made them more physical- using their voice, actions and postures. When they were playing women, the actors minced about stage with their shoulders held back, talking in a high pitch and making use of their space by angling their hands and gesturing in very stereotypically feminine ways. Sexy Suzy was a perfect example: she made it clear that all the men around her hung on to her every word and struck very feminine poses. It was essential for the characters to be stereotypical if we had to be able to distinguish between the men and the women (since the costumes remained the same). To do this, the actors included little acts which are typically associated with females: when the girls are first shown on stage, they are doing each others hair and gossiping wide-eyed about each other. When Rosie loses her boyfriend she wails mournfully in an overly dramatic way. It is particularly funny to see the girls behaving very sweet to each others faces while making snide remarks behind each others backs. The women were depicted as shallow, superficial characters. Despite being equipped with only a handbag each for props, it was sometimes almost easy to forget the girls were in fact men! It was obviously much easier for the actors to play men, yet it was no easy task to accurately portray their contrasting personalities. However this was done very well. Emphasis and exaggeration was used to their advantage. I thought that Lucky Eric, in particular, did a great job in displaying to us strong emotions like his pent-up fury. His monologues provided an insight into his innermost thoughts, and were delivered with such power and attack that we could feel what he was feeling. One of his strongest monologues was when he told the story of how angry he had felt when he once saw a group of young men taking advantage of a drunk girl in a bar. Lucky Eric spoke with extreme feeling. Give me a kiss, they said, said Lucky Eric about the men in the bar. When explaining this, his tone of voice got loud and full of rage. But at the end, Lucky Eric explained that after he had sent the men away, he had turned to the girl. Give me a kiss, she said. The line was timely and excellent, using the power of repetition; and Eric used it to its full potential. Having reached the anticlimax of his monologue, his voice became soft and almost wounded, his shoulders hunched and his head hung. The last lines of this monologue were delivered with equal power, in a tone of frustration and sadness: Go home, I told her. Just-just go home. Despite this, I felt that Lucky Erics monologues could have been slightly shorter. I appreciated that the slow tempo of the monologues was meant intentionally to contrast the fast pace of the rest of the play; and that the slow tempo was meant to create a deeper message. However, they were slightly rambling and Eric tended to repeat himself slightly. Perhaps if he had moved around more then his monologues might have been more effective. He tended to stand still in one spot throughout his speech, and alternate between two or three expressions and postures only. The audiences attention was distracted slightly when these monologues came on. Judd also did a good job in showing his personality- his immaturity and fickleness was depicted in the way sheer boredom made him eager to get involved in fights. He would constantly try to provoke Lucky Eric, teasing him about something that Eric found very painful: the thought of his wife. In the scene where Eric finally breaks and fights with him, Judd turns morose and resentful. The director planned this scene well, making their fight look realistic by using space well. The audience probably found this scene unexpected but it was effective in illustrating the personalities of the two characters. Not only was the pitch and tenor of the voice involved in character transition, but accents were also a useful tool in this. At one point, the actors had to play upper-class men, going golfing. Their accents and their postures changed dramatically: they became more formal, more proper, their voices became deeper and cleaner, and they looked taller as if they were aware of their importance. The audience found these two upper class men very funny because it was so contrasting from the other, more coarse characters. It was a sort of light break from the plot because it showed, just for an instance, that there were people other than the working class, that the working class depicted only a segment of UK nightlife. Positioning was the other character transition aid. When changing roles, the characters spun around about their feet and landed in a position and posture that was suited to the new role. The bouncers, despite walking around during their speeches, always initially started off in one row with their hands behind their backs and their feet slightly apart (probably to indicate a more masculine posture). This was a method of showing rather than telling the audience that they were someone different. During monologues, the positioning and the lighting changed. The stage was bathed in a yellowish white light, with a spotlight focused on the key character, who moved forward to occupy the center of the stage. The other characters, meanwhile, moved back and faced their backs to the audience. There was one scene where Les was explaining his travails with a rugby team who came to the bar, and the other three actors played the rugby team on the other corner of the stage while Les talked in a spotlight. These methods were very effective because they focused attention on one actor, and the audience therefore found it easier to understand his perspective. Lighting was a very important element of the play. To make up for the lack of set, creative lighting was used in certain places to enhance the mood of the moment. In the scene inside the disco there were multicoloured lights flashing through the stage, and for a scene in which they were depicting a pornographic movie, a white strobe light flashed rhythmically; helping not only to create the sleazy background, but also to make it clear that the scene was on TV. Each set of characters was given its own lighting scheme. When the four actors were playing bouncers, the shape projected on the background screen was blue, when they were playing the young men, the shape was green, and when they were playing women it was pink. The colours were carefully chosen to be symbolic of the groups of characters they were representing; for example, pink is generally associated with women and blue is a more masculine colour. The shape that was projected on the screen rremained the same for the most part of the play. It was a rough contour of a heart, which was again symbolic of the theme of the play. At the end of Act One, the heart was highlighted in red, perhaps to emphasize what the characters were looking for. Music was an element that was used throughout the performance. Light rhythmic instrumentals were used to build up the tempo etc. and sometimes, specific songs were used as part of the comedy. When Rosy found that her boyfriend had been cheating on her, she sobs loudly on stage, and suddenly, the song I will survive plays on the speakers with Rosie lip-synching along in a dramatic and hilarious way! When the bouncers come on stage, deep classical music is played to give a very macho, manly feel. It is also interesting to note that when Lucky Eric and Judd have a fight, the music that is playing is from the ballet Romeo and Juliet; it is the song that is played when the rich Capulet is showing off about his wealth. Although the play had a realistic setting and a very genuine message to give, the performance itself did not use naturalistic techniques. Drama techniques like flashbacks, audience asides, monologues, tableaux and freeze-frames were constantly employed throughout the performance. The lighting was also strong and vibrant, in colours that were perhaps more symbolic than realistic. The costume and make-up were as subtle as the sets and props. The four characters never changed out of their black tuxedos, and if they had had any make-up on it was just so that their faces could be seen clearly against the light. The tuxedos were simple, universal, and made them all look the same. The wonderful thing about Bouncers was the fact that it not only had good acting, but also a good script. The language used accurately portrayed the setting, and the conversations held different contrasts. There were monologues where the tempo of the play needed to be slowed down, but there were rapid interplays of dialogue between characters when they needed to maintain the upbeat rhythm. Much of the script rhymed too. This added to the humour in the play! Some specific scenes were particularly impressive. In some dancing scenes, only the four actors managed to effectively give the impression of being caught in a crowd of people. They pushed, shoved, crawled, and mopped sweat from their brows; everything appropriately exaggerated. Another scene was a snapshot of a taxi ride, and although there were no props, sets or even parts of the dialogue that suggested that the characters were in a taxi, just their actions made it clear. They swayed, jolted and panted where the taxi was too fast, and even bounced in their seats where necessary. The movie scene was also well depicted. Two of the actors were playing the characters in the TV itself while the other two were watching the scene. The two watching the scene occasionally paused the movie by raising an arm- and the TV scene then froze. When a rewind had to be done, the TV characters enacted all their movements backwards. I thought that this was very effective. What really makes a play successful is using the medium of acting uniquely and effectively. The play should be able to give you a different feeling than if you had read the story in a book, or watched it as a movie. Bouncers definitely fulfilled this criterion. The variety of techniques that were used, along with the superb acting skills and the physical actions made us feel that the storyline wasnt the only important thing in the story; we wouldnt have felt the same if we had read it in a book. Similarly, the audience interaction in the beginning of the show, as well as the general atmosphere that had been created, made one feel that it was better to have watched Bouncers as a play in a theatre rather than a movie on TV. In conclusion, I was awed by the performance of the actors in Bouncers and was impressed by the script and the directions. The play was a source of inspiration to succeed in my own devised dramas!

5 Essays - World Wide Web, Social Media, Computing, Free Essays

5 Essays - World Wide Web, Social Media, Computing, Free Essays Historical development of twitter Student's name Institution affiliation Instructor's name Course Date of submission Introduction In recent times social media has dramatically developed across the world. One of the social media that has seen adverse developments is twitter. Twitter has significantly improved to become one of the largest social media platforms across the globe. Twitter has become one of the most popular social networks used in the modern world, but it started as a micro-blogging platform ( Zappavigna, 2017 ) . The history twitter dates back to the year 2006 when its initiator jack Dorsey gave birth to this knowledge . It was initially used to platform for sending mess ages that people used to keep tabs with one another. Its initial name was Twttr , a name that was suggested by Noah Glass who at the time was specialized in software development. Twitter has gone through numerous changes thus making it one of the most leadin g social media across the world. In 2006 it was the principal founder of twitter Mr. Jack was able to send the first tweet. At the time Twitter was developing its users were supposed to spend hundreds of dollars to pay for service charges for sending SMS using their phones ( Gruber, etal, 2015 ) . During this time twitter faced a significant challenge due to the release Apple platform which essentially killed ideas business idea, this called for the owner's efforts to buy their company from the investors. At this time Twitter was facing a lot of challenges and controversies, this affected one of the critical founder Noah Glass who was left out of the new company. At the time Twitter has developed i t had a limit of 140 characters, this was because its founders had developed a platform for exchanging messages and during the inv ention period to carry characters . However, this has seen dramatic changes in the past years to overcome this challenge. By the year 2017 Twitter has developed and increased the number of characters to 28 0 giving its users more opportunity to pass out their message. In the few years since its invention, Twitter has significantly grown thus becoming one of the primary social media platform used across the globe (Mei, etal, 2017) . It has offered businesspeople and other persons a chance to grow their business to achieve their objectives in the world market. An increasing number of characters greatly helped users in reducing time wasted in sending various tweets thus condensing their thoughts. In 2007 twitter saw significant developments in its growth during the southwest interactive conference. Users of Twitter exploded broadly thus becoming one of the fastest growing social networks. More than 60,000 tweets were sent per day durin g this event. As Twitter users started, growing users were able to create new jargons and various ways to use the service. According to, Carpenter, (2015) in the beginning users could not reply to one another on Twitter. This called for more innovations to be made concerning responding tweets thus leading to use of hashtags before identifying another user on a tweet. This was a significant step in the development of Twitter. By the end of 2018 twitter had achieved more than 300 million users globally. In conclusion, the introduction of Twitter in the social media platform played a critical role in bringing people close. People were able to communicate more efficiently using Twitter; this also saw rapid development in business. Rapid changes in technology played a vital role in the invention of Twitter , which has currently become one of the most leading social platforms. Even though it was faced with various challenges, its founders were able to overcome all these odds and thus to make it one of the most successful media platforms. References Carpenter, J. (2015). Preservice teachers' microblogging: Professional development via Twitter. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education , 15 (2), 209-234. Gruber, D. A., Smerek, R. E., Thomas-Hunt, M. C., James, E. H. (2015). The real-time power of Twitter: Crisis management and leadership in an age of social media. Business Horizons , 58 (2), 163-172. Mei, Y., Zhao, W., Yang, J. (2017, June). Maximizing the Effectiveness

Community Coffee Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community Coffee - Research Paper Example Coffee business in any sense should be solely based on quality because if the leaders are not highly riled up about sourcing the finest coffee beans from different regions by effectively cooperating with the people who grow them, the business never transforms into a ceaseless passion but always remains a business established principally for personal gains. Therefore, the management at Community Coffee considers it significantly valuable to make prodigious investments in the people whose job is to grow the most fervently sought coffee beans. We seriously consider these people are most respected partners and always intend to treat them with value and dignity in order to foster a solid partnership which is reputable for fueling a business. Community Coffee targets people from all backgrounds irrespective of class, racial, ethnic, and economic differences. Diversity is embraced by the staff here which not only considers the customers as people who come to get a cup of coffee but as digni fied humans with whom it is important to develop a sound connection which would go farther from just coffee. Together the management and staff at Community Coffee attempt to achieve a competitive edge over other similar businesses by religiously following the core values and business ethics which are essential to sustain success and customer satisfaction. When it is honestly tried by the business leaders to merge together business and ethics in different areas like leadership, decision-making processes, employee management, production, and customer satisfaction, the consequences prove to be quite fruitful for the organizations. Leading by example and behaving in accordance with the professional code of conduct to win the durable trust of the customers is a critically important area which the management at Community Coffee intends to make its hallmark. It is considered fundamentally important by Community Coffee to make wise investments at the right time because in the present fierce ly competitive and dynamic business world, such a smart strategy is the need of the time. In order to help this coffee business garner mainstream popularity and effectively address the highly dynamic customers’ needs, it is always tried by the staff to remain fully open and engaged with the customers from diverse backgrounds. It is important for a simple encounter starting from a simple beverage to culminate in a lasting smile on the face of the customer. We want our business to become a household name in a matter of few years and for this purpose, commitment to diversity is regarded crucially valuable. The talents of multicultural workforce can be most accurately used for gaining competitive advantages by valuing diversity. For this purpose, Community Coffee rigorously attempts to establish an inclusive culture as a way of promoting diversity due to which a riveting repertoire of multicultural perspectives could be formed and that is especially helpful for myriad decision-ma king processes. Also, if the leaders are not careful enough about ethically sourcing the finest beans at most suitable prices, not only are they abandoning their most important obligation but also they are being unfaithful to their

Apfgan women's lives have not improved Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Apfgan women's lives have not improved - Essay Example first lady Laura Bush’s preposterous statement that â€Å"The fight against terrorism is also a fight for the rights and dignity of women† is juxtaposed with the revelation by Amnesty International that â€Å"forced marriage, particularly of girl children, and violence against women in the family are widespread in many areas of the country† (Rawi) even after two years have passed since the end of the Taliban regime. The introductory paragraph makes a very strong statement with the help of these two quotes that are contradictory in nature. The attempt by Rawi in the ensuing paragraphs to validate the latter quote is well substantiated with authentic factual and opinion based information gathered from various reliable sources. The diction is functional and appropriate for the clinical analysis of the issue. There is no recourse to careless use of words that betray baseless subjective opinions anywhere in the essay. Most of the essay reads like a fact-based journalistic report. However, the polemic aspects of the essay emerge through the objective observations and analyses. The writes states clearly that the American intervention in Afghan had been based merely on selfish motives, and has only promoted the mistreatment of women in various spheres of life. The arguments are systematically and chronologically categorized under apt subtitles. The economy of words and argumentative strategies make the essay a reader-friendly one, presenting facts and opinions in a swift and curt manner. The use of excerpts from an interview with an international NGO worker with regard to the deteriorating status of women in Afghanistan brings in an element of authenticity with the strength of first hand knowledge. Both the off icial records and day to day life experiences of women in Afghan are presented in a logical order that proves Rawi’s point. The effective use of unaffected language and crucial information regarding the general life standards in Afghan makes the essay an

legal process Essay Example for Free

legal process Essay In law, the Golden rule, or British rule, is a form of statutory construction traditionally applied by English courts. The other two are the â€Å"plain meaning rule† (also known as the â€Å"literal rule†) and the â€Å"mischief rule.† The golden rule allows a judge to depart from a words normal meaning in order to avoid an absurd result1. The term â€Å"golden rule† seems to have originated in the 1854 case of Mattison v. Hart as per Chief Justice Jervis’ propounding and implies a degree of enthusiasm for this particular rule of construction over alternative rules that has not been shared by all subsequent judges. For example, Viscount Simon made a point of including this note in a 1940 decision: â€Å"The golden rule is that the words of a statute must prima facie be given their ordinary meaning2.† Like the plain meaning rule, the golden rule gives the words of a statute their plain, ordinary meaning. However, when this may lead to an irrational result that is unlikely to be the legislatures intention, the golden rule dictates that a judge can depart from this meaning. In the case of homographs, where a word can have more than one meaning, the judge can choose the preferred meaning; if the word only has one meaning, but applying this would lead to a bad decision, the judge can apply a completely different meaning. History and evolution of the Golden Rule This rule is founded on Justice Parke (later Lord Wensleydale)’s enunciation in Becke v Smith where he stated thus: â€Å"It is a very useful rule in the construction of a statute to adhere to the ordinary meaning of the words used, and to the grammatical construction, unless that is at variance with the intention of the legislature to be collected from the Nokes v. Doncaster Amalgamated Collieries3, or leads to any manifest absurdity or repugnance, in which case the language may be varied or modified so as to avoid such inconvenience but no further.† Twenty years later, Lord Wensleydale restated the rule in different words in Grey v Pearson75 thus: â€Å"In construing statutes, and all written instruments, the grammatical and ordinary sense of the words is to be adhered to, unless  that would lead to some absurdity or inconsistency with the rest of the instrument, in which case the grammatical and ordinary sense of the words may be modified, so as to avoid that absurdity or inconsistency, but not farther.† With time, the rule continues to become more refined and therefore to be a more precise and effective tool for the courts. More than a century after Grey v. Pearson, a court added this caveat: â€Å"Nowadays we should add to natural and ordinary meaning the words in their context and according to the appropriate linguistic register.† In summary, this rule may be used in two ways. It is applied most frequently in a narrow sense where there is some ambiguity or absurdity in the words themselves. For Lord Simon of Glaisdale, reasons for judgment in Stock v. Frank Jones (Tipton) Ltd4 at 235 examples, imagine there may be a sign saying â€Å"Do not use lifts in case of fire.† Under the literal interpretation of this sign, people must never use the lifts, in case there is a fire. However, this would be an absurd result, as the intention of the person who made the sign is obviously to prevent people from using the lifts only if there is currently a fire nearby. The second use of the golden rule is in a wider sense, to avoid a result that is obnoxious to principles of public policy, even where words have only one meaning. The rule was applied in this second sense in Sigsworth, Re, Bedford v Bedford where the court applied the rule to section 46 of the Administration of Estates Act 1925. This statute required that the court should â€Å"issue† someones inheritance in certain circumstances5. The court held that no one should profit from a crime, and so used the golden rule to prevent an undesirable result, even though there was only one meaning of the word â€Å"issue.† A son murdered his mother and then committed suicide. The courts were required to rule on whom then inherited the estate: the mothers family, or the sons descendants. There was never a question of the son profiting from his crime, but as the outcome would have been binding on lower courts in the future, the court found in favour of the mothers family6. The Golden Rule The rule was defined by Lord Wensleydale in the Grey v Pearson case (1857) as: â€Å"The grammatical and ordinary sense of the words is to be adhered to unless that would lead to some absurdity or some repugnance or inconsistency with the rest of the instrument in which case the grammatical and ordinary  sense of the words may be modified so as to avoid the absurdity and inconsistency, but no farther.† So, The Golden Rule is a modification of The Literal Rule to be used to avoid an absurd outcome. The Golden Rule was used in the R v Allen case (1872). In this the defendant was charged with bigamy (s.57 of offences against the person act 1861) which, under statutes states: whosoever being married shall marry any other person during the lifetime of the former husband or wife is guilty of an offence. Under The Literal Rule, bigamy would be impossible because civil courts do not recognize second marriages, so The Golden Rule was applied to determine that the word ‘marry’ should be seen as ‘to go through ceremony’ and the conviction was upheld. The Golden Rule was applied in the Adler v George case (1964). Under section 3 of the official secrets act (1920) it was an offence to obstruct HM Forces in the vicinity of a prohibited area. Adler was arrested for obstructing forces whilst in a prohibited area. Under The Literal Rule, Adler was not in the VICINITY of the area – he was IN the area – and so was not infringing the terms of the act. The Golden Rule was applied to extend the meaning of ‘vicinity’ and avoid the possible absurd outcome. The main advantage of The Golden Rule is that drafting errors in statutes can be corrected immediately. This is seen in the R v Allen (1872) case where the loopholes were closed, the decision was in line with parliament’s intentions and it gave a more just outcome. A major disadvantage of The Golden Rule is that judges can technically change the law by changing the meaning of words in statutes. They can, potentially infringing the separation of powers between legal and legislature. The Golden Rule won’t help if there is no absurdity in the statute. For example the London and North Eastern Railway v Berriman (1946) case, where the widow couldn’t get compensation because the wording of the statute didn’t allow for this circumstance. The ‘Golden Rule’ as introduced by Lord Wensleydale in Grey v Pearson but perhaps better expressed by Lord Blackburn in River Wear Commissioners v Adamson We are to take the whole statute and construe it all together, giving the words their ordinary signification, unless when so applied they produce an inconsistency, or an absurdity or inconvenience so great as to convince the Court that the intention could not have been to use them in their ordinary signification†¦. In R v Allen and the Offence Against the Persons Act (1872), a case of bigamy, it was held that bigamy meant to take part in the  ceremony of marriage a whilst still married to another person, the statute could be applied successfully thanks to the application of the ‘Golden Rule’. Another example would be that found in Re: Sigsworth and the Administration of Estates Act 1925. The golden rule only rescues the court in tiny number of instances. The point was made by John Willis in a famous article where he asked â€Å"What is absurdity?† Absurdity is as vague as plain meaning. It is a matter of personal opinion, more susceptible to the influence of personal prejudice. Golden rule is just a device to achieve desired result and to escape from sum of the more updatable effect of literal rule (Nothman v. Barnet London Borough Council). The Law Commission criticised that there is no clear means to test the existence of the characteristics of absurdity, inconsistency, or to measure their quality or extent. This became known as Lord Wensleydales golden rule. It only applies where the words are ambiguous. An interpretation that is not absurd is to be preferred to one that is. An example is: R v Allen7 The Law Commission (1969) noted that: * The rule provided no clear means to test the existence of the characteristics of absurdity, inconsistency or inconvenience, or to measure their quality or extent. * As it seemed that absurdity was in practice judged by reference to whether a particular interpretation was irreconcilable with the general policy of the legislature the golden rule turns out to be a less explicit form of the mischief rule. Table of cases Grey v Pearson Mattison v. Hart Nokes v. Doncaster Amalgamated Collieries Stock v. Frank Jones (Tipton) Ltd R v Allen case (1872). London and North Eastern Railway v Berriman (1946) Nothman v. Barnet London Borough Council Bibliography Learning the Law Glanville Williams 12th Ed. (A.T.H Smith) ISBN 0421744200 Osborn’s Concise Law Dictionary 9th Ed. (S. Bone) ISBN 042175340 An introduction to the British Constitution I.M.M. MacPhail SBN: 7131 12662 The English Legal System 6th Ed. Slapper Kelly ISBN 1 85941 7558 Cases and Commentary On Tort 4th Ed. Harvey Marston ISBN 0273 638432 Torts 8th Edition Micheal A Jones ISBN 0199255334 Law of Tort John Cooke 6th Ed. ISBN 0582 473489 English Legal System 2003 –2004 Q A Slapper Kelly ISBN 185941 754x http://wolf-nt.wlv.ac.uk/ http://www.uk.westlaw.com

Implementation of a Palmprint Recognition System

Implementation of a Palmprint Recognition System CHAPTER -VI 6. CONCLUSION SCOPE OF FUTURE WORK There are some key aspects to discuss about this thesis in general. First, it is important to mention that the main objective of this work implementation of a palmprint recognition system was successfully accomplished. Biometrics plays an important role in personal identification. The importance of biometrics in everyday life has been discussed and different biometric technologies are introduced. It has been shown that palm can also be a good biometric. The work reported in this thesis is summarized in this chapter. This Research Work proposed a novel approach for Palmprint Biometric Authentication System to identify the individuals based on their palmprints. The approach novelty could be found in the combinations between palmprints images transform techniques, features reduction technique and feed-forward neural network classifier. CASIA pre-processed hyperspectral database and MATLAB version 2016a with supporting toolboxes were used in our experiment work. Firstly, each pre-proce ssed palmprint image has read by MATLAB internal function, and it has transformed by using multiscale toolboxes in order to convert each image into data. The resulted data is projected by dimensionality reduction tool. Finally, neural network toolbox used for recognition training and verification the resulted vectors. We manually prepare proposed Gabor Wavelet and Local Binary Pattern function along with all Other function in MATLAB 2016 and a database of 200 palm images of 20 people is considered for the validation. This Thesis Work considers a novel and efficient method for the palmprint identification based on Gabor wavelet by using multi-block local binary patterns. Proposed method is further supervised through our proposed multi-layer feed-forward neural network for more accurate and computationally efficient recognition. Gabor wavelets efficiently filter the pre-processed image for getting optimum texture features through MB-LBP. Due to accurate feature representation of palm images through proposed LBP, anticipated MLFFNN training rate is high and we are getting much accurate results comparatively. Experiments are performed to make an analysis for the optimal palm region and LBP neighbourhood. We investigate the matching accuracy for the optimal parameters. The performance of the proposed method in term of accuracy and some other parameters is obtained and compared with some recent methods. These local characteristics are summed and orientation corresponding maximum local intensity pattern is conceded as optimal local direction. Micro pattern representation is obtained by LBP descriptor. Feature vector is prepared by histograms of 256 bins. In our proposed scheme we use the Gabor wavelets, which has wavelet like property, in orthogonal direction and smoothest contours. Orientation extraction is done optimally to get directional representation and feature size is reduced by extracting LBP histograms. Accuracy of Proposed system is about 99.6% and error rate is below 0.9%. Compared to other existing method proposed method provides robustness to noise, low complexity and small features length. Secondly 3x 3 direction pattern employed which extract the edge characteristics locally. Direction pattern further emphasis edge orientation and filter out non edges along irrespective direction of pattern. Local aggregation gives higher value (Local Intensity) at particular orientation. So, the competition for maximum local intensity can better select the orientation information. Secondly orientation information is not affected by intensity variations. Because of these reasons, it is obvious that our method is performing well. In this palm print recognition system, features such as region mask, orientation field and minutiae are being extracted. An efficient matching algorithm is being implemented which uses these features for comparison of the query palm print with the database. Hence this system tests the image with the database and checks if the person is aut henticated or not. This authentication system can be used in forensic science and other border control systems for authentication of palm prints. the proposed work is also tested on colour RGB (multi-dimensional) images and real time palm images. Further Works For future work, the combinations between another multiscale image transformation such as , , and other will be taken in addition to use alternative features reduction methods such as ICA, kernel PCA and other contemporary techniques are suggested to be used. In addition, the classifier type is suggested to change to show how the recognition accuracy could be improved. Although cancellable biometrics overcome the weakness of cryptography, current cancellable biometrics are still not secure enough for the palmprint identification. For example, attackers can still insert stolen templates replay and database attacks before systems can cancel the stolen templates and reissue new templates. Furthermore, current cancellable biometrics cannot detect replay and database attacks. In other words, if attackers insert unregistered templates into data links or databases, systems cannot discover the unregistered templates. To solve these problems, we can take advantages of cryptography and cancellable biometrics to design a set of security measures to prevent replay, brute force and database attacks for secure palmprint identification. One could improve the registration accuracy and the image combination process. A detailed study needs to be done on the effect of adding more frames for combination. This method could also be combined with the pose correction approach developed in the previous algorithm to make a robust system with further improved accuracy. In addition to these further directions, biometric researchers are in fact facing some open problems. Most biometric systems are examined only on zero effort attacks (general false acceptance rates). Do they still survive if experts attack them? Furthermore, how can we objectively evaluate and compare the security levels of biometric systems? It should be recognized that successfully breaking into biometric systems depends on money, time and knowledge. Biometric researchers are facing a dilemma. As we write everything to disclose our findings and algorithms for the sake of distributing knowledge to our society and the next generation, we are also providing the information that potential attackers require breaking into our systems.   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚      (b) Fig. 6.1 (a) A fake palmprint and (b) the corresponding genuine palmprint.

Existentialism and Human Emotions Essay

I SHOULD LIKE on this occasion to defend existentialism against some charges which have been brought against it. First, it has been charged with inviting people to remain in a kind of desperate quietism because, since no solutions are possible, we should have to consider action in this world as quite impossible. We should then end up in a philosophy of contemplation; and since contemplation is a luxury, we come in the end to a bourgeois philosophy. The communists in particular have made these charges. On the other hand, we have been charged with dwelling on human degradation, with pointing up everywhere the sordid, shady, and slimy, and neglecting the gracious and beautiful, the bright side of human nature; for example, according to Mlle. Mercier, a Catholic critic, with forgetting the smile of the child. Both sides charge us with having ignored human solidarity, with considering man as an isolated being. The communists say that the main reason for this is that we take pure subjectivity, the Cartesian I think, as our starting point; in other words, the moment in which man becomes fully aware of what it means to him to be an isolated being; as a result, we are unable to return to a state of solidarity with the men who are not ourselves, a state which we can never reach in the cogito. From the Christian standpoint, we are charged with denying the reality and seriousness of human undertakings, since, if we reject God’s commandments and the eternal verities, there no longer remains anything but pure caprice, with everyone permitted to do as he pleases and incapable, from his own point of view, of condemning the points of view and acts of others. I shall today try to answer these different charges. Many people are going to be surprised at what is said here about humanism. We shall try to see in what sense it is to be understood. In any case, what can be said from the very beginning is that by existentialism we mean a doctrine which makes human life possible and, in addition, declares that every truth and every action implies a human setting and a human subjectivity. As is generally known, the basic charge against us is that we put the emphasis on the dark side of human life. Someone recently told me of a lady who, when she let slip a vulgar word in a moment of irritation, excused herself by saying, â€Å"I guess I’m becoming an existentialist.† Consequently, existentialism is regarded as something ugly; that is why we are said to be naturalists; and if we are, it is rather surprising that in this day and age we cause so much more alarm and scandal than does naturalism, properly so called. The kind of person who can take in his stride such a novel as Zola’s The Earth is disgusted as soon as he starts reading an existentialist novel; the kind of person who is resigned to the wisdom of the ages-which is pretty sad-finds us even sadder. Yet, what can be more disillusioning than saying â€Å"true charity begins at home† or â€Å"a scoundrel will always return evil for good†? We know the commonplace remarks made when this subject comes up, remarks which always add up to the same thing: we shouldn’t struggle against the powers that-be; we shouldn’t resist authority; we shouldn’t try to rise above our station; any action which doesn’t conform to authority is romantic; any effort not based on past experience is doomed to failure; experience shows that man’s bent is always toward trouble, that there must be a strong hand to hold him in check, if not, there will be anarchy. There are still people who go on mumbling these melancholy old saws, the people who say, â€Å"It’s only human!† whenever a more or less repugnant act is pointed out to them, the people who glut themselves on chansons realistes; these are the people who accuse existentialism of being too gloomy, and to such an extent that I wonder whether they are complaining about it, not for its pessimism, but much rather its optimism. Can it be that what really scares them in the doctrine I shall try to present here is that it leaves to man a possibility of choice? To answer this question, we must re-examine it on a strictly philosophical plane. What is meant by the term existentialism? Most people who use the word would be rather embarrassed if they had to explain it, since, now that the word is all the rage, even the work of a musician or painter is being called existentialist. A gossip columnist in Clartes signs himself The Existentialist, so that by this time the word has been so stretched and has taken on so broad a meaning, that it no longer means anything at all. It seems that for want of an advanced-guard doctrine ,analogous to surrealism, the kind of people who are eager for scandal and flurry turn to this philosophy which in other respects does not at all serve their purposes in this sphere. Actually, it is the least scandalous, the most austere of doctrines. It is intended strictly for specialists and philosophers. Yet it can be defined easily. What complicates matters is that there are two kinds of existentialists; first, those who are Christian. among whom I would include Jaspers and Gabriel Marcel, both Catholic; and on the other hand the atheistic exi stentialists among whom I class Heidegger, and then the French existentialists and myself. What they have in common is that they think that existence precedes essence, or, if you prefer, that subjectivity must be the starting point. Just what does that mean? Let us consider some object that is manufactured, for example, a book or a papercutter: here is an object which has been made by an artisan whose inspiration came from a concept. He referred to the concept of what a paper-cutter is and likewise to a known method of production, which is part of the concept, something which is, by and large, a routine. Thus, the paper-cutter is at once an object produced in a certain way and, on the other hand, one leaving a specific use; and one can not postulate a man who produces a paper-cutter but does not know what it is used for. Therefore, let us say that, for the paper-cutter, essence-that is, the ensemble of both the production routines and the properties which enable it to be both produced and defined-precedes existence. Thus, the presence of the paper-cutter or book in front of me is determined. Therefore, we have here a technical view of the world whereby it can be said that production precedes existence. When we conceive God as the Creator, He is generally thought of as a superior sort of artisan. Whatever doctrine we may be considering, whether one like that of Descartes or that of Leibniz, we always grant that will more or less follows understanding or, at the very least, accompanies it, and that when God creates He knows exactly what he is creating. Thus, the concept of man in the mind of God is comparable to the concept of a paper-cutter in the mind of the manufacturer, and, following certain techniques and a conception, God produces man, just as the artisan, following a definition and a technique, makes a paper-cutter. Thus, the individual man is the realization of a certain concept in the divine intelligence. In the eighteenth century, the atheism of the philosophers discarded the idea of God, but not so much for the notion that essence precedes existence. To a certain extent, this idea is found everywhere; we find it in Diderot, in Voltaire, and even in Kant. Man has a human nature; this human nature, which is the concept of the human, is found in all men, which means that each man is a particular example of a universal concept, man. In Kant, the result of this universality is that the wild-man, the natural man, as well as the bourgeois, are circumscribed by the same definition and have the same basic qualities. Thus, here too the essence of man precedes the historical existence that we find in nature. Atheistic existentialism, which I represent, is more coherent. It states that if God does not exist, there is at least one being in whom existence precedes essence, a being who exists before he can be defined by any concept, and that this being is man, or, as Heidegger says, human reality. What is meant here by saying that existence precedes essence? It means that, first of all, man exists, turns up, appears on the scene, and, only afterwards, defines himself. If man, as the existentialist conceives him, is indefinable, it is because at first he is nothing. Only afterward will he be something, and he himself will have made what he will be. Thus, there is no human nature, since there is no God to conceive it. Not only is man what he conceives himself to be, but he is also only what he wills himself to be after this thrust toward existence. Man is nothing else but what he makes of himself. Such is the first principle of existentialism. It is also what is called subjectivity, the name we are labeled with when charges are brought against us. But what do we mean by this, if not that man has a greater dignity than a stone or table? For we mean that man first exists, that is, that man first of all is the being who hurls himself toward a future and who is conscious of imagining himself as being in the future. Man is at the start a plan which is aware of itself, rather than a patch of moss, a piece of garbage, or a cauliflower nothing exists prior to this plan; there is nothing in heaven; man will be what he will have planned to be. Not what he will want to be. Because by the word â€Å"will† we generally mean a conscious decision, which is subsequent to what we have already made of ourselves. I may want to belong to a political party, write a book, get married; but all that is only a manifestation of an earlier, more spontaneous choice that is called â€Å"will.† But if existence really does precede essence, man is responsible for what he is. Thus, existentialism’s first move is to make every man aware of what he is and to make the full responsibility of his existence rest on him. And when we say that a man is responsible for himself, we do not only mean that he is responsible for his own individuality, but that he is responsible for all men. The word subjectivism has two meanings, and our opponents play on the two. Subjectivism means, on the one hand, that an individual chooses and makes himself; and, on the other, that it is impossible for man to transcend human subjectivity. The second of these is the essential meaning of existentialism. When we say that man chooses his own self, we mean that every one of us does likewise; but we also mean by that that in making this choice he also chooses all men. In fact, in creating the man that we want to be, there is not a single one of our acts which does not at the same time create an image of man as we think he ought to be. To choose to be this or that is to affirm at the same time the value of what we choose, because we can never choose evil. We always choose the good, and nothing can be good for us without b eing good for all. If, on the other hand, existence precedes essence, and if we grant that we exist and fashion our image at one and the same time, the image is valid for everybody and for our whole age. Thus, our responsibility is much greater than we might have supposed, because it involves all mankind. If I am a workingman and choose to join a Christian trade-union rather than be a communist, and if by being a member I want to show that the best thing for man is resignation, that the kingdom of man is not of this world, I am not only involving my own case-I want to be resigned for everyone. As a result, my action has involved all humanity. To take a more individual matter, if I want to marry, to have children; even if this marriage depends solely on my own circumstances or passion or wish, I am involving all humanity in monogamy and not merely myself. Therefore, I am responsible for myself and for everyone else. I am creating a certain image of man of my own choosing. In choosing myself, I choose ma n.